Density based traffic signal system using image processing

Contact Me for Project Prize Mail Id:  tamilblogelectronic@gmail.com Measure Traffic density and ambulance detection in Realtime project. What We Do in This Project: (Both Software & Hardware Project Available) ( i) Traffic Density Measure - Realtime (Means using Traffic Camera or Traffic Video) First,  we do Vehicle Detection in Video/Camera using Image Processing. Second, we Count the Vehicle We Detected in Video/Camera using Image Processing. Third, We Compare Two lane Vehicle Density in Video/Camera , if lane detect more no. of vehicle will be Prioritized first.   (ii) Ambulance Detection in Single Lane  - Realtime (Means using Traffic Camera or Traffic Video) : First, We Collect the Images of Ambulance. Second, we train our Image model using sample ambulance image. using Yolo image Model, we able to Detect the Ambulance in Video/ Camera. (iii) Ambulance Detection in Multiple Lane  - Realtime (Means using Traffic Camera or Traffic Vid...
Post a Comment

What is Antenna and Its Types?

Antenna:

IEEE Std 145-1983 defines the antenna or aerial as a means for radiating or receiving radio waves.


In other words the antenna is the transitional structure between free-space and The guiding device or transmission line may take the form of a coaxial line or a hollow pipe (waveguide).

It is used to transport electromagnetic energy from the transmitting source to the antenna, or from the antenna to the receiver.


Types of Antenna:

1. Wireless Antenna.

2. Aperture Antenna.

3. Microstrip Antenna.

4. Array Antenna.

5. Reflector Antenna.

6. Lens Antenna.


1. Wireless Antenna:


Wire antennas are familiar to the layman because they are seen virtually everywhereon automobiles, buildings, ships, aircraft, spacecraft, and so on. There are various shapes of wire antennas such as a straight wire (dipole), loop, and helix.




Dipole Antenna - Wireless Antenna



Loop Antenna - Wireless Antenna



Helix Antenna - Wireless Antenna


2. Aperture Antenna

Antennas of this type are very useful for aircraft and spacecraft applications, because they can be very conveniently flush-mounted on the skin of the aircraft or spacecraft. In addition, they can be covered with a dielectric material to protect them from hazardous conditions of the environment.





3. Microstrip Antenna


These antennas consist of a metallic patch on a grounded substrate. The metallic patch can take many different configurations.The microstrip antennas are low-profile, comformable to planar and nonplanar surfaces, simple and inexpensive to fabricate using modern printed-circuit technology.

These antennas can be mounted on the surface of high-performance aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, missiles, cars, and even handheld mobile telephones.






4. Array Antenna


Array Antennas Many applications require radiation characteristics that may not be achievable by a single element. It may, however, be possible that an aggregate of radiating elements in an electrical and geometrical arrangement (an array) will result in the desired radiation characteristics.






5. Reflector Antenna


A very common antenna form for such an application is a parabolic reflector.

Antennas of this type have been built with diameters as large as 305 m. Such large dimensions are needed to achieve the high gain required to transmit or receive signals after millions of miles of travel. Another form of a reflector, although not as common as the parabolic, is the corner reflector.





6. Lens Antenna


Lens Antennas Lenses are primarily used to collimate incident divergent energy to prevent it from spreading in undesired directions. By properly shaping the geometrical configuration and choosing the appropriate material of the lenses, they can transform various forms of divergent energy into plane waves. They can be used in most of the same applications as are the parabolic reflectors, especially at higher frequencies. Their dimensions and weight become exceedingly large at lower frequencies.





Comments

Post a Comment

Welcome

Popular Post

boost::filesystem::remove: The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process in VIVADO (XILINUX)

Image
( Note :   Click Label To Check various Topics like Diodes,Rectifier,etc.) Contact   tamilblogelectronic@gmail.com And other social media for Soft copies of any Book.   Final Year Engineering Project ( both Hardware and Software Project) :   Density Based Traffic control for Smart Ambulance System using Image Processing    Click Here   - Electronics Project Ambulance Detection Project In Vivado If You Run A Program With Both Main Module And Test Bench And You Try To Run Other Program In the Same Project Will You Will Get This Error  boost::filesystem::remove: The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process in VIVADO If You Try To Run A Different Code In Same Project (I.e First You Tried Is Full Adder Second You Try To Run A Half Adder Or Any Thing With Correct Code(I.e Without Error In That Code) ) You May Get An Error As  boost::filesystem::remove: The process cannot access the file because it is being ...
Click To Read

Verilog Project

Image
( Note :   Click Label To Check various Topics like Diodes,Rectifier,etc.) Contact   tamilblogelectronic@gmail.com  And other social media for Soft copies of any Book. Traffic Light at Junction Let Us Go To The Logic Of The Project:  Logic Is More Important Than Code. Four Roads So Four Traffic Light: 1st traffic light is n_lights ( north direction light) 2nd  traffic light is e_lights   ( east direction light) 3rd  traffic light is s_lights   ( south direction light) 4th  traffic light is w_lights  ( west direction light) For n_lights: conditions: I am going 3bit  if 001 - GREEN     010 - YELLOW    100 - RED  For e_lights: conditions: I am going 3bit  if 001 -  GREEN     010 -  YELLOW    100 -  RED  For s_lights: if 001 -  GREEN     010 -  YELLOW    100 -  RED  For w_lights: if 001...
Click To Read

HOW TO CREATE PROJECT IN VIVADO (XILINUX) AND TEST BENCH

Image
      ( Note :   Click Label To Check various Topics like Diodes,Rectifier,etc.) Contact   tamilblogelectronic@gmail.com  And other social media for Soft copies of any Book.   AFTER INSTALL XILINUX  STEP 1 :CLICK ICON TO OPEN STEP 2: AFTER ITS OPENED THE SCREEN WILL BE LIKE THIS  STEP 3 : CLICK CREATE PROJECT AFTER YOU CLICKED CREATE PROJECT WILL BE LIKE THIS BELOW IMAGE: AFTER CREATE PROJECT CLICK NEXT THIS TAB WILL SHOW CLICK PROJECT NAME AND NAME THE PROJECT AND CLICK NEXT AFTER CLICK NEXT THIS TAB WILL SHOW CHOOSE RTL PROJECT AND CLICK NEXT CLICK CREATE FILE TO ADD SOURCE NAME AND TYPE SOURCE NAME AS LIKE GATE MODELLING MEANS    (gate_dff )  dff means d flipflop AFTER NAMED SOURCE WILL BE LIKE THIS CLICK NEXT CLICK NEXT THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT  CATEGORY : GENERAL PURPOSE PACKAGE : fb 484 SPEED : -1 FAMILY : KINTEX 7 AFTER YOU DID PREVIOUS STEPS ONLY TWO ROW WILL  BE THERE IN BOTTOM BOX.   CLICK ANY ...
Click To Read

fir filter advantages and disadvantages

 What is FIR Filters? The filters designed by using finite number of samples of impulse response are called FIR filters. These finite number of samples are obtained from the infinite duration desired impulse response h (n). Here h (n) is the inverse fourier transform of H (O), where H (0) is the ideal (desired) frequency response. The various methods of designing FIR filters It differs only in the method of determining the samples of h(n) from the samples of h (n). The various steps in designing FIR filter are i) Choose an ideal (desired) frequency response, H.(w). ii) Take inverse fourier transform of H (w) to get h,(n) or sample H, (o) at finitenumber of points (N-point) to get Ĥ(k). iii) If h (n) is determined, then convert the infinite duration h (n) to a finite duration h(n). (usually h(n) is an N-point sequence) or If ħ(k)is determined then take Npoint inverse DFT to get h(n). iv) Take Z-transform of h(n) to get H(z), where H(z) is the transfer function of the digital filter...
Click To Read