Robot Definition and Its Classification, Advantage and Disadvantage
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Definition of Robot By Robot Institute of America: Any machine made by one our members.
A robot is a software-controllable mechanical device that uses sensors to guide one or more end-effectors through programmed motions in a workspace in order to manipulate physical objects.
Classification of Robot I JIRA ( Japanese Industrial Robot Association)
Robots can be classified as follows:
Class 1:
manual handling device – a device with several DOF’s actuated by the operator.
Class 2:
fixed sequence robot – similar to fixed automation.
Class 3:
variable sequence robot – similar to programmable automation.
Class 4:
playback robot – the human performs tasks manually to teach the robot what trajectories to follow.
Class 5:
numerical control robot – the operator provides the robot with the sequence of tasks to follow rather than teach it.
Class 6:
intelligent robot – a robot with the means to understand its environment, and the ability to successfully complete a task despite changes in the surrounding conditions where it is performed
Classification of Robot II by Association Française de Robotique
Type A:
Handling Devices with manual control
Type B:
Automatic Handling Devices with predetermined cycles
Type C:
Programmable, servo controlled robots
Type D:
Type C with interactive with the environment
Advantages of Robots:
Robotics and automation can, in many situation, increase productivity, safety, efficiency, quality, and consistency of products
Robots can work in hazardous environments
Robots need no environmental comfort
Robots work continuously without any humanity needs and illnesses
Robots have repeatable precision at all times
Robots can be much more accurate than humans, they may have mili or micro inch accuracy.
Robots and their sensors can have capabilities beyond that of humans
Robots can process multiple stimuli or tasks simultaneously, humans can only one.
Robots replace human workers who can create economic problems
Disadvantages of Robots
Robots lack capability to respond in emergencies, this can cause:
Inappropriate and wrong responses
A lack of decision-making power
A loss of power
Damage to the robot and other devices
Human injuries
Robots may have limited capabilities in
Degrees of Freedom
Dexterity
Sensors
Vision systems
Real-time Response
Robots are costly, due to
Initial cost of equipment
Installation Costs
Need for peripherals
Need for training
Need for Programmin
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