Which are the factors that affect frequency stability of an oscillator ? How can frequency stability be improved in oscillators ?
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Factors that affect frequency stability of an oscillator are:
Due to changes in temperature, the values of the components of the tank circuit i.e. inductors and capacitors get affected. This causes change in frequency of the oscillator.
Due to changes in temperature, the h parameters of the transistor gets changed which in turn affects the frequency.
Changes in environmental conditions like temperature, humidity etc. affects the frequency of operation.
Stray capacitances, changes in load connected to the oscillator also changes the frequency.
Variation in power supply can affect frequency stability.
Ageing of the crystal or tank elements changes the internal dimensions and hence frequency changes will be seen.
Frequency stability can be improved by the following modifications:
Enclosing the circuit within a constant temperature enclosure
Connecting the oscillator to an emitter follower so that load variations do not affect the frequency stability.
Have a well regulated voltage source
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