what are the elements of digital communication system ?
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The Elements of Basic Communication system
• Information or message input signal
• Input Transducer
• Transmitter
• Communication channel or medium
• Noise (unwanted signal getting added along the way)
• Receiver
• Output Transducer
• Recovery of original information or message signal.
1. Information or input signal
It may be a speech or music, picture, video, data
2. Input Transducer
Message signals cannot the transmitted as it is. First it has to be converted into a suitable electrical signal. The input transducers commonly used in the communication systems are microphone, camera.
3. Transmitter
This block converts the electrical signal to a suitable modulated signal. The power of the modulated signal should be increased in order to cover a large range. This can be done using electronics circuits such as amplifier, mixer, oscillator, and power amplifier.
4. Communication channel or medium Channel
It is the medium used for the transmission of EM wave from one place to the another. The communication medium can be conducting wires, cables, optical fibres, air or free space. Depending on medium we can have wired and wireless communication.
5. Noise
Noise is an unwanted electrical signal which gets added to the transmitted signal when it is travelling towards receiver.
Due to noise, the quality of the transmitted information will degrade. One added the noise cannot be separated out from the information Hence noise is ab big problem in the communication systems.
6. Receiver
The reception is exactly the reverse process of transmission. The receiver consists of the electronic circuits like mixer, oscillator, detector and amplifier. The received signal is amplified and demodulated into suitable form.
7. Output Transducer
It converted the demodulated signal back to the original form such as sound or TV pictures. The typical example of the output transducers are loudspeakers, TV picture tubes etc.
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